The majority of Americans with diabetes are taking the medication metformin (also known by the brand names Glucophage and Fortamet) to increase insulin sensitivity. Metformin works by blocking the release of glucose in your liver and increasing your glucose-response signal. This medication is best for overweight and average-weight diabetics as it lowers blood sugar levels effectively without causing weight gain.
Metformin is a medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes and is also prescribed to people with pre-diabetes to help prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, metformin may be considered for people with pre-diabetes who have a body mass index (BMI) of 35 or higher, are under the age of 60, and have a history of gestational diabetes. For those who do not meet these criteria, lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise should be the first line of defense against the development of type 2 diabetes. For those who do meet the criteria for metformin use, the recommended dosage is typically 500-850 mg twice daily with meals. It is important to note that metformin is not a substitute for lifestyle changes, and individuals with pre-diabetes should work with their healthcare provider to develop a comprehensive plan for diabetes prevention, which may include medication, diet, exercise, and other interventions.
What happens if I start metformin too early?
Over time, some patients may experience a decrease in the effectiveness of metformin. This can be due to several factors, including changes in the patient’s diet, decreased physical activity, and the progression of Type 2 diabetes. Additionally, some patients may develop gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea or nausea, which can lead to poor medication adherence and decreased effectiveness.
To address decreased effectiveness, healthcare providers may adjust the dose of metformin or add other medications to the patient’s treatment plan. It’s important for patients to work closely with their healthcare provider to monitor their blood glucose levels and adjust their treatment plan as needed to ensure optimal glycemic control.
The science behind it:
Metformin works by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in the body’s tissues. Metformin also enhances glucose uptake by cells and reduces its absorption in the intestines, leading to lower blood glucose levels.
What about Ozempic?
Many patients, especially those struggling with pre-diabetes or weight loss, have been requesting prescriptions for Ozempic or Wegovy, two different semaglutide injections. Ozempic is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes, but it has also been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of major cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. However, it is currently not approved for use in people with pre-diabetes. Ozempic specifically has not been approved for use in people with pre-diabetes, and it is important to work with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment for diabetes prevention.